Nitrogen (N)
Plays a very important role in various plant physiological processes. It imparts dark-green color in plants, promotes leaves, stem and other vegetative part’s growth and development. Moreover, it also stimulates root growth. N produces rapid early growth, enhances the growth of leafy vegetables, and increases protein content of fodder crops.

Organic Matter
Primarily composed of carbon, organic matter in soil has direct benefits for agricultural production. Soil organic matter plays a vital part in enhancing soil fertility and quality, on three levels: chemical (capacity to store and supply essential nutrients), physical (improve soil structure and water holding capacity), and biological (enhance biodiversity, improve microorganisms’ activity, and capture carbon).

Phosphorus (P)
Is essential in photosynthesis and respiration. Seeds have the highest concentration of P in a mature plant, and P is required in large quantities in young cells, such as shoots and root tips, where metabolism is high and cell division is rapid. P aids in root development, flower initiation, and seed and fruit development.

Potassium (K)
Is vital for plant metabolism. It helps in the development of a strong and healthy root system and increases the efficiency of the uptake and use of nitrogen and other nutrients. K helps photosynthesis, regulates the water status in the plant and plays an essential part in the formation of starch and in the production and translocation of sugars. K not only increases yields but also enhances fruit quality, improving flavor and color and increasing the size.

Magnesium (Mg)
Is a major constituent of the chlorophyll molecule, and it is therefore actively involved in photosynthesis. It aids phosphate absorption and translocation, serving as a carrier of phosphate compounds through the plant. Mg facilitates translocation of carbohydrates (sugars and starches) and enhances the production of oils and fats.

Sulfur (S)
Is actively involved in metabolism and in the synthesis of oils, especially in oil crops and has a synergistic effect on the synthesis of aromatic precursors, the thiols in white and rosé wine. S aids in seed production, chlorophyll formation, nodule formation in legumes, and stabilizing protein structure.

Iron (Fe)
Is a critical element for the whole metabolism of plants, being crucial for metabolic processes such as respiration and photosynthesis as well as for biosynthesis of fundamental molecules like chlorophyll. It is also essential for nitrogen and sulfur assimilation.